Key takeaways
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SWIFT powers most of the world’s bank transfers through its messaging network, while Ripple uses XRP to make cross-border payments faster and cheaper.
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Beyond payments, XRP is also used for remittances and is being explored for tokenized loyalty and DeFi applications, with institutions like SBI Holdings testing integrations.
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SWIFT is developing a blockchain-based ledger for real-time payments, interoperable with major networks and supporting tokenized assets.
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SWIFT still faces challenges like outdated systems, regulatory hurdles, institutional inertia and competition from Ripple’s expanding network.
Cross-border payments move trillions of dollars each year, and two names dominate: the long-established SWIFT (Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunication) and Ripple, a newer player built around blockchain technology. SWIFT runs a massive global network but remains slow, while Ripple uses its XRP (XRP) token for near-instant settlements. Over time, Ripple has built its technology and reputation as a faster, more efficient alternative to SWIFT’s older, costlier system.
But SWIFT is no longer playing defense. It is developing a shared ledger with Consensys, aiming to compete directly with Ripple. This article looks at how SWIFT’s system works, its blockchain plans and the challenges it still needs to overcome.
Understanding SWIFT: The messaging system behind international money transfers
SWIFT sits at the core of global banking communication. It doesn’t move funds itself but provides a secure, standardized messaging network that lets banks and payment providers exchange instructions for cross-border transactions.
When a customer sends money overseas, their bank uses the SWIFT network to send a secure payment message to the recipient’s bank. This message includes details such as account numbers, amounts and reference codes. Each bank has a unique SWIFT/Bank Identifier Code (BIC) that ensures the message reaches the right destination.
SWIFT serves as a trusted intermediary for global finance, offering encrypted, authenticated and reliable messaging across 200+ countries. By standardizing communication, it reduces errors, accelerates settlements and supports compliance. It has been the backbone of international money transfers for decades.
Did you know? SWIFT was founded in 1973 in Belgium by 239 banks from 15 countries to replace the slow, error-prone Telex system with faster and more secure financial communication.
XRP’s diverse impact: Shortening payments, powering loyalty and enabling DeFi
International payments via XRP can reduce or eliminate pre-funding, accelerate settlement and cut costs. SBI Remit in Japan uses XRP for remittances to the Philippines, Vietnam and Indonesia. Similarly, Pyypl has integrated XRP via Ripple’s On-Demand Liquidity (ODL) for remittances between parts of Africa and Asia, targeting unbanked users.
Beyond payments, XRP is being integrated into travel and loyalty services. For example, Webus/Wetour plans to use XRP (backed by a proposed $300-million reserve) to support blockchain-based vouchers and loyalty points for Air China’s PhoenixMiles members. These members would, in the future, be able to use XRP for overseas services like airport transfers and premium rides.
Institutions now increasingly view XRP as a key operational and treasury asset. SBI Holdings, for instance, not only invests in Ripple but also integrates XRP in its subsidiaries (SBI Remit, SBI VC Trade) and maintains substantial XRP reserves.
The XRP Ledger is a fast, low-cost blockchain used for cross-border payments, tokenized assets and decentralized finance (DeFi) projects. It relies on a consensus protocol rather than mining, which reduces energy use and operational costs compared with proof-of-work networks.
SWIFT’s blockchain project: Architecture and ambition
SWIFT’s blockchain initiative is being designed for interoperability between public and private chains and for handling regulated stablecoins and tokenized assets, positioning it as a versatile infrastructure for the future.
A key feature of SWIFT’s blockchain project is real-time cross-border payments. The system is designed to enhance existing digital infrastructure rather than replace it entirely. This approach allows financial institutions to integrate it more easily with their current systems, reducing one of the biggest barriers to adoption.
By adopting blockchain, SWIFT aims to maintain its central role in global payments as stablecoins and networks like XRP gain traction. The project is intended to keep banks within the SWIFT ecosystem by modernizing its infrastructure and strengthening its position at the core of international finance.
Did you know? Ripple’s technology can settle on the XRP Ledger in three to five seconds, whereas SWIFT-based cross-border transfers often take one to five business days.
How SWIFT’s blockchain could undercut Ripple’s edge
SWIFT’s blockchain project builds on its long-standing dominance in global banking and settlements. Its network already connects thousands of banks and financial institutions worldwide, giving it a scale that Ripple may find hard to match. Ripple’s ODL system, which uses the XRP token as a bridge currency, still offers faster and cheaper cross-border payments. For SWIFT, the main challenge is improving liquidity to reach the same level of efficiency as Ripple’s ODL model.
Network effects will also play a big role. Since most institutions are already linked to SWIFT, banks may find it easier to adopt its new shared ledger instead of moving to Ripple’s system. For Ripple, convincing financial institutions to switch networks remains a major challenge. SWIFT’s neutral stance on tokens and settlement methods could also help it maintain an advantage over Ripple.
While Ripple’s model relies on XRP as a bridge asset, SWIFT’s upcoming ledger is designed to support a wider range of regulated tokens, including stablecoins and tokenized assets. This flexibility could weaken XRP’s dominance in cross-border settlements, especially if banks move toward multi-asset payment systems.
Did you know? Ripple’s On-Demand Liquidity (ODL) has been used by SBI Remit in Japan to send money to countries such as the Philippines and Vietnam.
Challenges confronting SWIFT
SWIFT’s blockchain project still faces hurdles that could slow its rollout. One of the biggest challenges is connecting the new system with existing banking infrastructure while keeping everything technically compatible. Since SWIFT runs a long-established global messaging network, making it work smoothly with a distributed ledger without disrupting current services will be a complex task.
Another significant challenge is regulatory compliance across jurisdictions: Varying rules on digital assets, stablecoins and tokenization can complicate cross-border deployment. Additionally, many financial institutions are cautious; they may hesitate to adopt new infrastructure unless its advantages are clear and risks are mitigated.
SWIFT also faces tough competition from Ripple’s long-standing partnerships focused on real-time settlement. Unless SWIFT can show clear and measurable advantages, its blockchain project may be seen as a supporting effort instead of a leading solution.
Will SWIFT’s blockchain challenge or complement Ripple?
Looking ahead, SWIFT’s blockchain ledger could reshape global payments in two ways. It might coexist with Ripple, keeping its dominant position in regulated banking. Ripple, meanwhile, may continue to focus on liquidity and settlement efficiency in emerging markets. Another possibility is that SWIFT uses its massive network to gradually overtake Ripple, reducing the industry’s reliance on proprietary tokens.
The outcome of this rivalry will shape the future of cross-border payments. Ripple’s response will be crucial. The competition between the two could spark faster innovation and lead to more real-world applications through partnerships with fintechs and regional banks.
Ultimately, the deciding factor won’t just be better technology. Other elements, such as network momentum, institutional confidence and alignment with the broader goals of global finance, will also play a major role.
This article does not contain investment advice or recommendations. Every investment and trading move involves risk, and readers should conduct their own research when making a decision.
